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| factorofadhesion = | trainheating = | locobrakes = | locobrakeforce = | trainbrakes = | safety = | operator = Mac Donald & Company Cape Government Railways | operatorclass = | powerclass = | numinclass = 3 | fleetnumbers = M1-M2, W46 | officialname = ''Pioneer'' & ''Little Bess'' (M1 & M2) | nicknames = | axleloadclass = | locale = | deliverydate = 1873-1874 | firstrundate = 1873 | lastrundate = | retiredate = | withdrawndate = | preservedunits = | restoredate = | scrapdate = | currentowner = | disposition = | notes = }} The Cape Government Railways 0-4-0ST of 1873 is a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope. In 1873 two Cape gauge saddle-tank locomotives with a 0-4-0 wheel arrangement were placed in construction service by Mac Donald & Company, contractors to the Port Elizabeth and Uitenhage Railway Company. When the contract was completed in 1875, the railway and the locomotives were taken over by the Midland System of the Cape Government Railways. A third locomotive, built to the same design, was delivered to the Western system in Cape Town in 1874. These were the first Cape gauge locomotives to enter service in South Africa.〔Pioneer, ''Little Bess'' & Mliss〕 ==Cape railways expansion== When the control of railways in the Cape of Good Hope was taken over by the Colonial Government on 1 January 1873 and the Cape Government Railways (CGR) was established with the object of railways expansion, a Select Committee was appointed to study the question of track gauge. The choice that had to be made was between the existing Standard gauge of and the narrower gauge of that would effect savings of up to one-third on construction cost. The narrow gauge had been proposed by civil engineer R. Thomas Hall, Superintendent of the narrow gauge Redruth and Chacewater Railway in Cornwall, who was involved in the construction, beginning in 1869, of the Namaqualand Railway line that was being built to that gauge between Port Nolloth and O'okiep for the Cape Copper Mining Company. The committee, with a three-to-one vote, settled on a compromise between the two recommended gauges and the Cape gauge came into existence in Africa.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「CGR 0-4-0ST 1873」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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